Ore-separator.



A. 0. THOMAS.

ORE SEPARATOH.

APPLICATION muy MAR.21, 1916. RENEWED MAR. 10. 1911.

1,22%491 Patented Apr. 10, 1917.

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A. 0. THOMAS.

ORE SEPARATOR.

APPLICATION men MAR.21.1916. nENEwED MAR. 10.1911.

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ORE SEPARATOR.

RENEWEDMAR. 101917'.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 27, 1916. LQZQAQII,

Patented Apr. 10, 1917.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

ria t irl-Yi TFM 4, i rift il grilla ti tl ALLONZO O. THOMAS, GF ROLLINSVILLE, COLORADO.

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LZAQL Application Ied March 27, 1916, Serial No. 87,044. Renewed March 10, 1917.

slilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the saine.

This invention relates to ore separators, and more especially to washers having a shaking table; and the objects of the same are to improve the construction of the support artid the rocking and shaking mechanism for the table, and to improve the con` struction and disposition of the rililes and other agitators which are employed with a table of this character and especially with one having the peculiar motion produced. These objects are carried out as described and Claimed below and as` shown in the drawings wherein Figure 1. is a side elevation of 'the machine complete, showing the table or box in full lines at its normal position and in dotted lines as tilted, and Fig. 2 is a similar side elevation except that the trip rod is omitted and the dotted lines show how the table or box may be rocked slightly.

Fig. 3 is a plan view with the bottom of the box broken away to illustrate the mechanism beneath, and .F ig. l is a plan view showing the interior of the box itself, while Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section through the box on the line 5-5 of Fig. l, Fig. 6 is a cross section on the line 6-6 of Fig. 5, and Fig. 7 is a sectional detail on the line 7 7 of Fig. 4.

Fig. S is a detail plan of the leaf of the false bottom.

Figs. 9, 10 and 11 are sectional details to show the attachment of the rocker and the roel( rod to the table or box, and Fig. 12 is a detail of the upper end of one rocker and its connection with the rib.

The base of this machine comprises two main sills 1 laid upon proper supports such as cross ties 2, and carrying at their midlength a pair of upright beams constituting stops 3 which are suitably braced as at The base may also be said to include a midsill 5 mounted on the ties between the other sills and provided in its upper face with a notch 6 and possibly with other notches as Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 10, 19t?.

Serial No. 154,007.

indicated at 7 in Fig. 2. The base also includ-es a rocker consisting of a pair of up right bars 8 held in parallelism and braced as at 9, the lower end of each bar resting in a notch or groove 10 in one sill and its upper end preferably carrying a number of pins 1l so 'disposed as seen in Fig. 12 as to produce a channel between them, and in this channel removably iests a rib on the under side of the table or box as described below. The normal position of this rocker is shown in full lines in Figs. 1 and 2 where it stands forward of and oblique to the upright stops 3, but when the table or boX is tilted or rocked this rocker assumes the position shown in dotted lines.

The table7 or more properly the box, by which term I will hereafter call it, has rigid upright sides 15 and ends 16, and a rigid bottom 17 containing a depression as best seen at 18 in Fig. 5, and, in the machine I have made, this box is 5 ft. long, 32 inches wide and 18 inches deep. Assuming that the right hand end in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 is the front end of this box, a cross bar 19 is screwed beneath its fixed bottom at a point about 28 inches from the front as shown, so that the rear end of the box is a little heavier; and it is to this bar that the rib rei ferred to above is secured. I may make said rib of a metal` rod 20 extending along the lower face of the cross bar and secured thereto in any suitable manner. Pivoted at 21 to the rear end of the box is a leg :22 made preferably of if-shape as best seen in Fig. 3, with a toe 23 adapted to engage the notch G or other notches 'T if they are employed, and the numeral 24 designates a trip rod extendn ing forward from this toe to a handle 25 within reach of the operator so that he can swing' the leg upward and raise the toe out of engagement with any notch. rThe rear wall of main notch G is long and slanted gradually as at (la and the notch is so placed and the length of the leg is such that when the toe engages this notch the box will stand horizontal or level as seen in full lines in Figs. 1- and 2, and when the box is tilted to its extreme position as seen in Fig. 1 the leg will tend to hang practically vertical from its pivot 21 with its toe 23 resting on the inid-sill 5 to hold the box in this position, all as shown in dotted lines at Fig. 1; it will be noted, however, that the weight of trip rod 9.4 would retard this tendency and, in practice, the toe will not, automatically, swing 'back beyond the rear end of rear wall 6a of notch 6 so that when the box is tilted down again the toe will automatically engage rear wall 6a and slide thereon into notch 6; if it be desired to support the box in dotted line position shown in Fig. 1, the trip rod is used to push the leg back to its dotted line or vertical position; hence it will be seen that the purpose ofthe trip rod 24 is to normally retard the backward swing of leg 22 and also to nrovide means for swinging the leg into and out of the vertical or supporting position. rlhe top of the box is preferably left open except for a partial cover 26 fixed across its front end, a partial cover 27 fixed across its rear end, and an additional cover or flap 2S hinged to the inner edge of one or both of these partial covers as seen in Fig. 5, so that when turned down into place the width of that partial cover may kbe increased. The obvious purpose of these details is to prevent the material from running or splashing over the end of the box when the latter is rocked or tilted. The front end of the box carries a handle or handles 29 projecting rigidly from it.

The actuating mechanism for this separator and by means of which the box is given the various motions described below, includes not only the handles 29 and the rocker S, but the following details: Pivoted to an eye-bolt 30 in the cross bar 19 is a rock rod 31 which leads forward and downward through a guide 32 and thence through a block 33 which is carried by a treadle 34 pivoted at 35 in the base, and on the end of this rod is a nut 3G for adjusting purposes. A cushion is disposed between the guide and block, and is herein shown as consisting of a helical spring 37. Nhen the treadle is depressed, as seen in dotted lines in Fig. 2, the rod is drawn upon and the cross rod 19 and therefore the entire box moved slightly forward, the box rising as the rocker S turns over its support 10, and the rear end of the box rising a little more rapidly as the leg swings upward to the dotted line position in this view. `When pressure on the treadle is removed, the box settles back to its normal and horizontal position, and the j ar resulting is tempered by the cushion 37 according to its length and strength. This jar is produced by bumpers 38 and 39 which are rigidly secured to the bottom of the box forward of the upright stops 3 and against which they strike as the box settles back to its normal position; and, as seen in Fig. 3, one bumper 39 which will be on the right hand as viewed by the operator is set a trilie farther toward the front than the other or left hand bumper 38. The result is that when the box settles back as described, the left bumper 38 strikes its stop before the right bumper 39, and therefore the box is given a lateral movement as indicated by dotted lines in this view, its rear end moving a trifie to the left and its front end a trifle to the right. Either handle 29 is useful for tilting the box to perhaps a greater degree, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1. Thus we have al rocking motion or a tilting motion of the box at the pleasure of the operator, successive jars as it settles back to its normal or horizontal position, and a lateral motion coincident with the jars, and these various movements are especially useful in the washing or separating of ores-particularly where the interior of this box is provided with the agitators or baffles described below.

ln order to give this machine the function of both a separator and a concentrator so that it will save the very fine materials or slime, the interior of the box is provided with agitators including what is hereinafter called a tray, an apron, and a series of ritHes. Mounted on suitable supports 40 within the box sides 15 is a cross bar 41 having pins 42 rising from it. The numeral 43 designates a tray which is of such width that it practically ills the box transversely, and it preferably has upturned flanges 44 along its sides. Its rear end rests on the box bottom 17 as best seen in Fig. 5, its body extends over the depression 18, and its front end is pierced with holes removably engaging the pins 42. lThe numeral 45 designates an apron or more properly a leaf best seen in Fig. 8. In length it is such that its front end is supported near the box bottom-17 and near the front end of the box as bestseen in Fig. 5, while its rear end nverlies the cross bar 41 and underlies the forward end of tray 43, and has holes 46 removably engaging the pins 42; but the front end of this leaf is left open or cut away as seen at 47. This leaf is strengthcned by a plurality of longitudinal slats 48 whereof four are shown in nig. 8, secured to both the upper and lower faces of the leaf in spaced relation so as to constitute guides with channels between them, these slats extending to the front end and bottom of the box and resting on the latter. Both the tray and leaf are removable by reason of their engagement with the pins 42. The numeral 50 designates a screen basket whose detailed construction is Vimmaterial and whose use is set forth below. Y

The riflles shown herewith are three in number andare of peculiar construction and disposition as best seen in Figs; 4, 5 and 6. The firstor controller rittle numbered 51 is fastened to the left side of the box about eight inches from its front end and extends thence diagonally toward the center at an angle of about thirty degrees. lt is composed of a sheet iron strip tapering from two and a half inches in width to about one inch at its inner end, and it is bent up on a curved line as seen in F ig. 7 so that its outer end stands about one inch from the bottom and its inner end about a quarter of an inch from the same. The second or accumulator riflle 52 starts from the right side of the box at a point 54rpractically opposite the point where the first riille joins the box-side, extends thence obliquely inward along the box bottoni to its center at a point 55 in rear of the inner end of the first riflie, and thence extends at right angles to the box side across the remainder of the bottom to the point 56. rit its point 5e of starting it is about two inches wide and rises about or approximately one inch from the bottom, and increases in width and in height so that at the point 56 it is about four inches wide and rises about two half inches from the bottom. rlhe angle or elbow 55 in this riiiie stands practically in line with the inner end of the first riflie. The third or rear riiile 53 is secured upon the box bottom where it rises at 58 in rear of the depression 18, so that it will stand under the rear end of the tray 43 as seen in Fig. 5, and this iilie extends straight across the box and rises about two inches from its bottom. Across the rear end 16 of the box and about mid-way between its bottom and its cover 27 is a guardrail 57, rendered adjustable vertically by any suitable means such as the slot and set screw broadly indicated at 59. rlhe covers 26 and 27 and the fiap 28 may also be considered part of the agitating devices, although their chief function is to prevent the contents of the box from being spilled out.

ln practice l find it a great advantage to provide a flange or nose 43 on the forward end of the tray 43 so that when the box is tilted and the water is caused to How forward over the tray it will strike the nose or flange and be thereby thrown upward and caused to drop upon the material contained in the basket 50 instead of flowing thereover gently as it would do were it not for the interposition of the flange or nose.

l also iind it of advantage to provide upon the tray 43 a cleat 3b for the purpose of preventing the material which collects at the rear end of the box from flowing forward over the tray when the box is tilted. The water will flow forward in such case over the cleat or, even better, it is found an advantage to attach the cleat in such a manner that the water may seep or run through under it without leaving suiiicient space for any of the material to pass under the cleat.

rlhe manner in which this machine operates is as :follows Sutlicient water is poured in to cover the bottom for approximately one inch when the box stands level, and the ore or placer material is shoveled into the basket 50. By means of one or both the handles 29 the box is then tilted to the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. l. This, of course, causes the water to rush :for fard. a portion of it passing along the floor and the remainder passing over the tray Li3, and thus the material in the basket is washed from both above and beneath, causing the liner particles to drop or wash out of it. rllhe box is then tilted back to normal, when the water will rush to the rear end, and in doing so it passes under the tray 43 and over the various rill'les. ieyond the depression 1S the box bottom rises as at 58, and the rush of the water lifts this end of the tray si?) which drops again to contact with the bottom as soon as the water .has rushed past so that when the box is again tilted the greater portion of the water returns to the front over the tray and on to the top of the material in the basket and forces it down Ihrough the screen mesh thereof. The water then flows onto the apron or leaf 45, runs through the opening 4l?, and again reaches the box bottom 17 so that the operation may be repeated. rllhis may be called the separating action of the machine.

The next step in the operation might be called the concentrating action of the device. The treadle Bil is now moved so to rock the box to the position shown in dotted lines in F ig. Q. This naturalliT causes the water to flow gently toward the front end of the box, and when pressure on the treadle is released it flows gently toward the rear end, and in its flow in both directions it carries the light and finer materials with it. The constant tendency is for the materials to stratify, with the heaviest at the bottom because it does not move so freely, and the riiiies catch and hold the heavier material in a manner which is clear to those skilled in the art. The difference resulting from the two actions. which are respectively a larger movement or tilting of the box and a smaller movement or rocking thereof, is that the former `causes the water to rush more rapidly or more violently to and fro than the latter movement. Thisetfects the initial treatment of the ore which may be called the separation thereof, whereas the gentle flow effects the next treatment of the ore which maybe called the concentration thereof. where the ritlles come mostly into play and where the peculiar horizontal movement of the box is more important as will now be shown.

Each time the box is thrown back to its normal position the bumper 38 strikes the left hand stop 3 slightly before the other bumper strilfes the right hand stop, and this ,results in a lateral or horizontal motion of the box as shown by the dotted lines in lFig. 3, the motion being produced simultaneously with the jar which then occurs. At this time the water is rushing or flowing toward the rear of the box after having passed through the basket and the opening 47, and the materials in the water are caught and retained to a certain extent by the riflles. First the water strikes the controller riftie 51 by which it is directed obliquely inward toward the center of the box and raised off the bottom by reason of the sectional shape of this riffie as shown in Fig. 7. Meanwhile the water also strikes the oblique leg of the rilile 52 by which it is directed from the right side of the box inward toward its center. What passes over the rifie 51 then strikes the transverse leg of the riffle 52. The water then passes along beneath the tray 43, down through the depression 18, and upward over the rear ri'liie 53. During the concentrating action all of these rifiles catch and retain much of the liner particles or values, and this function I find to be greatly assisted by the jarring action and the horizontal motion or twisting produced by the peculiar disposition of the bumpers as just stated; combined with the simultaneous dropping of the rear of the box and the relative raising of the forward end of the box resulting from the rocking thereof. In other words, the motion of the box simulates the peculiar jarring twist given to an ordinary gold pan when expertly manipulated manually-a motion which is looked upon as ideal for efficient concentration and in practice my machine actually excels such panning. It is possible to substitute other riftles or to alter their disposition slightly with ore of different grades and character. During the tilting action the flow is rearward along the box bottom and then forward over the tray 43. During the rocking action the flow is forward and back along the box bottom and it will be evident that with each reciprocation of the box some water and tailings will pass back under the lower end of tray 43 and be thereby retained at the rear end of the box and upon and behind the rear end of the tray which acts as a valve permitting the material to pass from front to back under it but preventing its return toward the front again. Of course, the edge of the tray will not7 in actual operation, fit tightly against the bottom of the box as there will always be more or less sand or other material thereunder, and it is evident that some of the water will therefore seep back under the edge of tray 43 toward the front. As the tailings accumulate, however, they aid in holding the water which will finally accumulate at the rear end to such an extent that it will be found desirable to tilt the box and run this accumulated water over tray 43 and apron l5 and thence onto the bottom of the box again. Cleat 43 holds the tailings from passing forward over the tray. When the tailings accumulate upon and behind the rear end of tray 43 they may be shoveled out. Expei rience has shown that these tailings need not be removed as often as in other concentrators, and yet the machine will save a very high percentage of the values. Another feature of advantage is that the machine uses a minimum of water for a maximum of results, and it is even found possible to settle or strain the water after one using and use it again.

In practice I lind that when the water rushes to the rear end of the box upon the return of the box to its normal position after tilting or rocking, it leaves upon the rear end of the box the slimes that have not been collected by the riiiies. These slimes accumulate upon the rear end 16 of the box and beneath the guard rail 5 and when a sutlicient amount of these slimes have thus accumulated they may be scraped 0E and either put with the concentrates or replaced in the basket 50 for rewashing and recovering the values therefrom. It will thus be seen that with this devicel no values are lost by theA running away of waste water carrying the slimes therewith.

I have herein described my separator substantially as it is constructed and in use at present and it will be evident that many details of construction may be changed without departing from the spirit of my invention.

Also I wish to state that while I have herein described a lateral or twisting motion of the box beginning and ending with a jar, I understand that approximately similar results might be obtained with varying mechanisms instead of the so-called bumpers for stopping the longitudinal movement of the box and producing the lateral or swinging motion and thereafter stopping said lateral motion.

What I claim is:

1. In a separator, the combination with a base including a notched sill and a pair of uprights; of a box extending across said uprights, means for tilting it, a leg pivoted to the box and having a toe adapted to engage the notch in the sill when the box is tilted in one direction only, and a trip rod for swinging the leg and its toe.

2. In a separator, the combination with a pair of sills having uprights at their midlength, and a rocker whose lower end rests on the sills and whose body inclines toward said uprights; of a box extending across the rocker and provided with means for rocking it thereover, and bumpers secured to the box in such position that one bumper strikes its upright before the other bumper strikes its upright. i

3. In a separator, the combination with a pair of sills having uprights at their inidlength and grooves forward of said uprights. and a rocker whose lower end rests in said grooves and whose body inelines to the rear toward said uprights; of a box extending across the uprights and rocker and provided with means for rocking it over the latter and drawing it away from the uprights, and bumpers secured beneath the box in such position thatwwhen it is restored to horizon tal one bumper strikes its upright before the other bumper strikes its upright.

In a separator, the combination with a pair of sills, upright rising therefrom and braced, and a rocker mounted at its lower end on said sills and having a channel across its upper end; of a box extending across said stops, a cross bar beneath its bottom having a rib engaging said channel, means for rocking the box, and bumpers fast beneath said bottom and adapted to strike the stops at different times when the box settles back to its normal position.

5. ln a separator, the combination with a pair of sills, upright stops rising therefrom, a box extending over them and having pendant bumpers adapted to contact with them, a cross bar between said bumpers, and a rib along its bottom; of a rocker mounted on the sills forward of the stops and inclined toward them with its upper end engaging said rib, a rock rod connected with said cross bar, and pedal mechanism for drawing on said rod.

6. In a separator, the combination with a pair of sills, upright stops rising therefrom, a box extending over them and having bumpers adapted to contact with them, a cross bar between said bumpers, and a rib across its bottom; of a rocker mounted on the sills forward of the stops and inclined toward them with its upper end engaging said rib, a rock rod connected with said cross bar, means for drawing on the rod to raise the box on its rocker, independent means for tilting the box at will, a pivoted leg under the rear end of the box, and means for folding the leg when the box is to be dropped back to normal.

n a separator, the combination with a base including side sills with grooves and a mid-sill with notches, braced stops rising from the side sills, and a rocker whose lower end rests in said grooves forward of the stops; of a box overlying the stops and having bumpers adapted to contact with them when the box stands horizontal, a pivotal connection between the upper end of the rocker and the box between its bumpers, a leg pivoted to the rear of the box and adapted to engage said notches, a rock rod connected with the box near the center of its bottom and leading to a treadle, a. guide for said rod, and a cushion interposed between the guide and treadle.

8. ln a separator and concentrator, the combination with a box, a base including uplright stops across which the box extends and a rocker whose lower end is mounted on a support and whose upper end is hingedly connected with the box-bottom just forward of said stops, and means for drawing the box forward on and tilting it over said rocker, and then releasing it; of bumpers secured to the box at opposite sides thereof and in such positions that one engages its stop before the other engages its stop as the box is restored to its normal position, whereby it is given a jar and a lateral motion for the purpose set forth.

9. In a separator and concentrator, the combination with a box, a base including` upright stops across which the box extends and a rocker whose lower end is mounted on a support and whose upper end is hingedly connected with the box-bottom just forward of said stops, a leg pivoted beneath the rear end of the box and longer than the rocker, and means for drawing the box forward whereby its rear end is raised by the leg and its mid-length is raised to a lesser degree by the rocker, and then releasing the box and permitting it to fall back; of bumpers secured to the box at opposite sides thereof and in such positions that one engages its ,stop before the other engages its stop as the box is restored to its normal position, whereby it is given a jar and a lateral motion, for the purpose set forth.

n a concentrator, the combination with a box, and means for rocking it longitudinally; of a cross bar within the box, pins rising therefrom, and pans resting at their outer ends onthe box-bottom and having holes at their inner ends removably engaging' said pins.

lin a concentrator, `the combination with a box, and means for rocking it longitudinally 'and resting above its bottom, a tray hingedly mounted at one end on said cross bar and with its other end resting free on the box bottom near the rear end of the latter, and a leaf having one end resting on said cross bar and its other end supported near the box-bottom near the front of the latter, an open space being` provided at the bottom thereof.

12. In a concentrator, the combination with a box, and means for rocking it longitudinally; of a cross bar within the box betveen its ends, a tray leading from the cross bar rearward and resting o-n the box-bottom, a leaf leading from the cross bar forward and being supported near the box-bottom, an open space being left at the bottom thereof, and parallel slats secured to said leaf for the purpose set forth.

13. ln an ore concentrator, the combination with a box, means for tilting it and means for reciprocating it and for jarring it twice at each reciprocation in one direction; of rifl'les on the box-bottom extending from its sides obliquely inward and rear.

of a cross bar within the box ward and of varying heights throughout their lengths.

-14. In an ore concentrator, the combination with abox, and means for reciprocating it and for jarring it at each reciprocation; of riiiles on the box-bottom extending from its sides obliquely inward and rearward and having their rear edges upturned to catch the materials flowing toward the rear, means for tilting the box and means within the body to raise part of the water and carry it above said rillles when it flows toward the front.

15. In an ore concentrator, the combination with a box mounted on a rocking support, means for tilting it forward and permitting it to fall back to its normal position, and means for giving it a jar and a lateral twist as it reaches said position; of riffles on the box-bottom upturned at their rear edge-s for catching the material as it flows to the rear, and means within the box for carrying part of the water above said riflles as it flows to the front.

16. `In an ore concentrator, a rocking box whose bottom has a depression near its rear end, cover sections across the top of the box.

near its ends, and riilles on the box-bottom; combined with a tray resting at its rear end on the bottom in rear of said depression, a support on which its front end is hingedly mounted and held above the box-bottom, and a leaf forward of said support for holding a screen basket, as described.

17. In a separator, a box, means for reciprocating the same, stationary bumpers and bumpers so mounted upon the box that, when said box is reciprocated, one bumper on the box will strike its stationary bumper before the other bumper on the box strikes' its stationary7 bumper.

18. In a separator, a rocker, a box mounted over it, means for reciprocating them, and means for giving to said box a plurality of successive jars during a single reciprocation thereof, said jarring means being also adapted to twist or deflect said box to a position at an angle with the line of reciprocation.

19. In a separator, the combination with a. reciprocatingly mounted box, and means for tilting the same; of supporting means within the box, an apron resting on said supporting means and sloping therefrom toward the bottom of the box and a tray hingedly mounted on said supporting means and sloping therefrom toward the bottom of the box.

20. In a separator, a rocker, a box mounted to move therewith, means for moving it in a predetermined line, vmeans for deflecting it 'from the line of such motion and Copies of this patent may be obtained for means for stopping it abruptly after such deflection.

21. In a separator, a box mounted to more, means for moving it in a predetermined line, means for stopping forward motion of one side of the box, and means for thereafter stopping all motion of the box.

In a separator, a box mounted over a moving support, andmeans for reciprocating it longitudinally; combined with two fixed stops at about the mid-length of the box, and bumpers secured to it in position for engaging said stops successively as the box moves in one direction whereby the progress of one side thereof is checked abruptly in advance of the progress of the other. Y

23. In a separator, a rocker, a box mounted thereon to reciprocate longitudinally therewith and to be tilted thereover at will, independent means for rocking and for tilting it, fixed stops below the sides of the box at its mid-length, and bumpers secured to the box in position to engage said stops one in advance of the other as the box is rocked in one direction and to be drawn entirely out of contact therewith as the box is rocked in the opposite direction.

24. In aseparator and concentrator, the combination with a box, a base including a rocher whose lower end is mounted on said base and whose upper end is hingedly connected with the box-bottom, a leg pivoted beneath the rear end of the box and longer than the rocker, and means for drawing the box forward whereby its rear end is raised by the leg and its mid-length is raised to a lesser degree by the rocher, and then releasing the box and permitting it to fall back; of means for jarring the box as it is restored to its normal position, for the purpose set forth.

25. In a conccntrator, the combination with a box and means for rocking it longitudinally, of a tray movably mounted within the box so as to permit the flow of water thereunder along the box bottom when the box is tilted in one direction but so as to cause said water to flow thereover when the box is tilted in the other direction.

Q6. In an ore concentrator, the combination with a box; of means for tilting it, and means for reciprocating it and for jarring it twice at each reciprocation in one direction.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses., Y

ALLONZO O. THOMAS.

`Witnesses Y CARLE Winrar-man, H. LONGNEGKER.

ve cents each, by addressing the "Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, C." 

